State of India - Jammu & Kashmir

Area: 2,22,236 sq km

Population: 2,22,236 sq km

Capital Of City: Srinagar (Summer) Jammu (Winter)

Languages: Urdu, Kashmiri, Dogri, Pahari, Balti, Ladakhi, Guj

How You Know: According to history, Kashmir was once a large lake. Kashyap Rishi drained off the water, making it an abode for human beings. But geologists have their own theory which says that geographical changes made way for the outflow of water by subsidence of the mountain at Khadianayar, Baramula. Thus emerged the valley of Kashmir, paradise on earth.

History: Jammu and Kashmir is known as one of the most beautiful places in the world. The Kashmir valley in particular with the splendid Jhelum river running through it has inspired many a poets. Indeed this land of soaring snowclad mountains, sparkling waterfalls with their beautiful shikaras (water taxis), tall chinar trees and beautiful gardens has an almost picture postcard beauty. The state is also known for its handicrafts production with its beautiful carpets, shawls and other woollen items. However these days the threat of terrorism means that not many people get to experience the delights of this 'paradise on Earth'. The troubles of J&K started in 1947 when India became independent. The Hindu ruler of the state signed and handed over this largely Muslim populated region to India which was contrary to the wishes of Pakistan (which wanted to add Kashmir to its own territory). Since then, the area has been one of the troubled spots in the world. Siachin in the region is today the world's highest battleground at 7000 metres. In 1999, India and Pakistan fought a minor war over the State in Kargil, another high altitude area in the region. Chocolates that cost the Earth! Siachin's high altitude makes it one of the most difficult and expensive battlefields in the world. The cost of flying chocolates alone to soldiers fighting in Siachin makes them as expensive as gold. The Hemis Gumpa festival of Ladakh is internationally famous. It takes place in the month of June. A special feature of the Hemis festival is its mask dance. The Hazratbal Mosque, the holiest of all Muslim shrines that houses a hair of the Prophet in this state.

Tourist Places: Kashmir valley, Srinagar, Gulmarg, Ladakh, Leh, Pahalgam, Sonamarg, Vaishno Devi temple, Patnitop.